Nobel na Theiler a 1951 ya gane muhimmin ci gaba a binciken zazzaɓin shawara

Max Theiler ya samu kyautar Nobel ta ilimin jiki ko likitanci a 1951 saboda ganowa game da zazzaɓin shawara da hanyoyin yaƙar cutar. An haife shi a Pretoria a 1899, daga baya ya shiga bincike na ƙasashe daban-daban. Wannan bayani na tarihi ne, ba shawarar rigakafin yau ba.

Theiler ya yi wani ɓangaren karatunsa a Afirka ta Kudu kafin ƙarin horon likitanci a Birtaniya. Ya shiga sashen cututtukan wurare masu zafi na Harvard a 1922, sannan Rockefeller Foundation a 1930. Tafiyar ta haɗa tushen Afirka da cibiyoyin da aikin da Nobel ya gane ya bunƙasa.

Wani muhimmin ɓangaren aikin shi ne sauƙaƙa binciken cutar a dakin gwaje-gwaje. Tarihin Nobel ya bayyana gudummawarsa wajen tabbatar da cewa ƙwayar virus ce ke haddasa cutar, ba bakteriya ba. Ya kuma nuna yadda amfani da beraye ya rage kuɗin gwaji idan aka kwatanta da aikin birai na baya.

Shafin bayanan Nobel ya ambaci 1937 a matsayin shekarar da Theiler ya samu raunanniyar ƙwayar cutar mai suna 17D, wadda ta zama tushen rigakafin mutane. Wannan ranar tana cikin tarihin samarwa. Kyautar 1951 ta zo daga baya domin gane gudummawar; ba ita ce farkon aikin ba.

Saboda haka labarin ya haɗa nasarori masu dangantaka: fahimtar abin da ke haddasa cuta, samar da hanyoyin gwaji da juya bincike zuwa tsarin kariya mai amfani. Ba wa masanin kimiyya ɗaya kyauta ba ya nufin cewa waɗannan matakan sun faru ba tare da abokan aiki da cibiyoyi ba.

Ga masu sha’awar ƙwarewar Afirka a kimiyya, rayuwar Theiler ta nuna aikin da ya wuce dakin gwaji ɗaya ko iyakar ƙasa. Ta kuma bayyana muhimmancin daidaitattun ranaku a tarihin kimiyya. Ganowa, samarwa da karramawa na iya rabuwa da shekaru masu yawa; bambance su yana sauƙaƙa fahimtar nasarar.